Hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan kemampuan memori kerja (working memory) pada pelajar SMA X
M emori Kerja merupakan fungsi eksekutif otak yang sangat penting untuk menunjang kemampuan proses belajar siswa sekolah. Banyak penelitian dari luar negeri yang menunjukan hasil terdapatnya hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan fungsi kognitif otak, terutama memori kerja. Nyatanya, aktivitas fisik pada kalangan remaja di Jakarta menurut data Riskesdas 2013 terdapat angka 44,2% untuk aktivitas fisik yang kurang aktif. Karena hal-hal tersebut, maka peneliti ingin mengetahui hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan kemampuan memori kerja pada siswa SMA di Jakarta dengan harapan penelitian ini dapat meningkatkan kemampuan memori kerja dan juga kemampuan belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi analitik observasional dengan desain cross-sectional (potong-silang). Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik Non Random consecutive sampling dimana semua siswa SMAN 54 Jakarta yang memenuhi syarat dijadikan sampel sampai jumlah yang dibutuhkan. Jumlah responden sebanyak 56 siswa. Pengambilan data menggunakan instrumen kuesioner IPAQ untuk intensitas dan frekuensi aktivitas fisik serta WISC-IV mengukur indeks memori kerja . Analisis data dengan menggunakan program SPSS dengan uji korelasi Gamma. Hasil korelasi intensias aktvitas fisik dengan kemampuan memori kerja menunjukan bahwa terdapat korelasi positif sedang yang bermakna antara aktivitas fisik dan indeks memori kerja dengan nilai r = 0,487 dan nilai p = 0,023. Sedangkan hasil korelasi untuk frekuensi aktivitas fisik dengan kemampuan memori kerja didapatkan terdapat korelasi positif lemah yang tidak bermakna antara frekuensi aktivitas fisik dan indeks memori kerja dengan nilai r = 0,220 dan nilai p = 0,458. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat terdapat korelasi positif sedang yang bermakna antara aktivitas fisik dan kemampuan memori kerja pada siswa SMAN 54 Jakarta.
W orking memory is the executive functions of the brain that have a very important role in supporting the learning ability of school students. Many foreign studies have shown results that there is a relationship between physical activity with cognitive function of the brain and especially working memory. In fact, according to Health Research of Indonesia data 2013 shown that 44.2% adolescents in Jakarta is physicaly less active. Given the importance of working memory capacity in supporting the learning process, and the high numbers of less physical activity in Jakarta, then researchers would like to know the relationship between physical activity with work memory abilities in senior high school students in Jakarta and hope that this research can also improve the working memory and learning capacity of the students. This research used an observational analytic study with cross-sectional design. The sampling technique in this reasearch used a Non Random consecutive sampling technique in which all 54 senior high school Jakarta students who fulfilled the requirements were sampled until the amount needed. The number of respondents was 56 students. Data retrieval uses the IPAQ questionnaire instrument for the intensity and frequency of physical activity and WISC-IV measures the index of working memory. Data analysis using SPSS program with Gamma correlation test. The results of the correlation between physical activity intensity and working memory ability showed that there was a significant positive moderate correlation between physical activity and working memory index with a value of r = 0.487 and a value of p = 0.023. While the results of the correlation for the frequency of physical activity with the ability of working memory obtained there is a weak positive correlation which is not significant between the frequency of physical activity and the index of working memory with a value of r = 0.220 and p value = 0.458. It can be concluded that there is a moderate positive correlation between physical activity intensity and working memory capacity in 54 senior higschool Jakarta students.