Perbedaan Status Periodontal Vegetarian dan Non Vegetarian (Kajian pada Unit Kerohanian Mahasiswa Jakarta) (Laporan Penelitian)
V egetarian merupakan sebutan bagi kelompok orang yang hanya mengkonsumsi tumbuh-tumbuhan dan tidak mengkonsumsi makanan yang berasal dari hewan seperti daging, unggas, ikan serta hasil olahannya. Perkembangan vegetarian di Indonesia menunjukkan angka yang cukup pesat terutama dalam kurun waktu satu dekade terakhir mencapai 60.000 anggota pada tahun 2007 menurut Indonesia Vegetarian Society (IVS). Perbedaan pola makan vegetarian dan non vegetarian terletak pada ada tidaknya asupan makanan hewani dan proporsi asupan makanan nabati. Serat pada sayur dan buah merupakan pembersih alami pada permukaan gigi geligi, merangsang aliran saliva yang membasuh partikel makanan dari permukaan gigi selama proses mengunyah. Perbedaan pola makan tersebut mempengaruhi jumlah konsumsi makanan dan zat-zat gizi yang kemungkinan akan memberikan dampak yang berbeda terhadap status gizi serta kesehatan vegetarian dan non vegetarian. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan status periodontal vegetarian dan non vegetarian. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik komparasi dengan rancangan penelitian potong silang. Penelitian dilakukan di RSGM FKG USAKTI pada bulan Oktober-November 2016. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 28 orang (14 vegetarian dan 14 non vegetarian) yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Status periodontal dinilai menggunakan Papilla Bleeding Index (PBI) dan Interdental Hygiene Index (HYG). Berdasarkan uji statistik Mann-Whitney tidak terdapat perbedaan nilai PBI dan HYG kelompok vegetarian dan non vegetarian (p > 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna status periodontal vegetarian dan non vegetarian.
V egetarian is defined as a group of people who only eat plant foods and does not include meat, fowl, seafood, and its processed products. According to Indonesia Vegetarian Society (IVS), the number of vegetarian within this decade, has increased significantly, and it has reached 60.000 person by 2007. The differences between vegetarian and non-vegetarian is on its consumption of animal’s products and the proportion of plant foods intakes. Fibers in vegetables and fruits can function as a natural tooth brush and stimulate saliva secretion. It can help in cleaning particles from the teeth surface during the process of chewing. The variance of dietary practices among vegetarian and non-vegetarian will make some differences in individual assessment of dietary adequacy essential that may provide different nutritional status and health benefits. The purpose of this study was to observe the periodontal status differences between vegetarian and non vegetarian. This study is an observational analytic comparison with crosssectional study design. This study was conducted at the RSGM FKG USAKTI on October-November 2016. A total of 28 samples according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria divided into two groups (14 vegetarian and 14 non vegetarian). The periodontal status was assessed by using Papilla Bleeding Index (PBI) and Interdental Hygiene Index (HYG). The result of Mann Whitney test showed that there is no PBI and HYG differences between vegetarian and non vegetarian (p > 0.05). In conclusion, periodontal status were not significantly different between vegetarian and non-vegetarian.