Analisis partikulat (TSP), logam berat Timbel (Pb), dan Seng (Zn) di udara ambien Kawasan Kota Tua Jakarta
D alam upaya mengatasi permasalahan polusi udara dari emisi kendaraan bermotor,Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta menerapkan Low Emission Zone (LEZ) pertamakali di Kawasan Kota Tua Jakarta sejak 8 Februari 2021. Hanya pejalan kaki, sepeda,transportasi umum, dan kendaraan bertanda khusus yang dapat melintasi LEZ. Tujuanpenelitian kualitas udara ambien di Kawasan Kota Tua yaitu mengidentifikasi adatidaknya logam berat dalam partikel (TSP); menganalisis konsentrasi tiga parameter(partikel, Pb, dan Zn) terhadap Baku Mutu Udara Ambien (BMUA); membandingkankonsentrasi ketiga parameter di dalam LEZ dengan di luar LEZ; dan mengidentifikasiupaya pengendalian ketiga parameter tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakanadalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Sampel diambil menggunakan alat portable HighVolume Air Sampler (HVAS) dan dainalisis menggunakan AAS Flame. Sampeldiambil selama 7 hari (pagi, siang, malam) di 4 titik sampling (UPK Kota Tua,Museum Sejarah Jakarta, Pintu Masuk Kota Tua, Stasiun Jakarta Kota) pade periodewaktu 25 Maret – 15 Mei 2022 sehingga didapat 84 sampel. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan konsentrasi TSP dan Zn memenuhi BMUA, sedangkan konsentrasi Pbmelewati BMUA PP 22/2021 senilai 2 µg/Nm3 di Pintu Masuk Kota Tua (hari Jumat)senilai 4,343 µg/Nm3 , Stasiun Jakarta Kota (hari Rabu) senilai 2,080 µg/Nm3, dan di keempat titik sampling dengan rentang 2,055 – 3,094 µg/Nm3(hari Sabtu, Minggu). Nilai rata-rata konsentrasi TSP dan Pb di lokasi non LEZ lebih besar dibandingkan di lokasi LEZ, sedangkan konsentrasi Zn tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara lokasi non LEZ dan LEZ. Upaya pengendalian terhadap emisi kendaraan bermotor yaitu penerapan LEZ tahap 2, penggunaan alat dengan bahan dasar karbon aktif yang dapat mereduksi timbel, serta perluasan ruang terbuka hijau dengan penanaman tanaman Mahoni dan Bintaro.
I n order to overcome the problem of air pollution from vehicle emissions, the DKIJakarta Government has implemented a Low Emission Zone (LEZ) for the first timein Kawasan Kota Tua Jakarta (Jakarta Old City) since February 8, 2021. Onlypedestrians, bicycles, public transportation, and vehicles with special signs can crossLEZ. The purpose of this study are to identify the presence of heavy metals in TotalSuspended Particulates (TSP); analyzing the concentration of three parameters (TSP,Pb, and Zn) based on the Ambient Air Quality Standard; comparing theconcentrations of the three parameters inside the LEZ and outside the LEZ; andanalyzing the efforts to control TSP, Pb and Zn. The research method used on thisstudy is descriptive quantitative. Samples were taken using a portable High VolumeAir Sampler (HVAS) and analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry(AAS) Flame. Samples were taken for 7 days (morning, afternoon, evening) at 4sampling points (UPK Kota Tua, Jakarta Historical Museum, Kawasan Kota TuaEntrance, Jakarta Kota Station) between 25 March – 15 May 2022 so that 84 sampleswere obtained. The results showed that the concentration of TSP and Zn met theAmbient Air Quality Standard, while the concentration of Pb surpass the Ambient AirQuality Standard Indonesian Government Regulations (2 g/Nm3) at the KawasanKota Tua Entrance on Friday (4.343 g/Nm3), Jakarta Kota Station on Wednesday(2.080 g/ Nm3), and at the four sampling points with a range of 2.055 – 3.094 g/Nm3on weekend. The average consentration of TSP and Pb outside LEZ locations weregreater than at LEZ location, while there was no significant difference of Znconcentrations between outside and inside LEZ locations. Some efforts to controlvehicle emissions include the aplication of LEZ phase 2, the use of tools based onactivated carbon that can reduce lead, and the expansion of open spaces by plantingSwietenia macrophylla and Cerbera manghas that can reduce the concentration of Pb