T he primary objective of this study is to analyze the key factors corresponding to the characteristics of BRICS countries and new members, which influence CO2 emissions in both the long and short term. These factors include gross domestic product (GDP), oil rent income, trade openness, foreign direct investment (FDI), and inflation, employing the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) panel model. To validate the proposed relationships, various statistical techniques such as stationary tests and cointegration tests are conducted. These techniques are applied to the period from 2001 to 2020. The findings of the panel ARDL in this study indicate that GDP per capita, oil rents, and trade openness have a significantly positive impact on CO2 emissions per capita in the long term in BRICS countries and its new members. Meanwhile, foreign direct investment (FDI) and inflation do not have a significant impact on CO2 emissions per capita in the long term. In the short term, only GDP per capita contributes to an increase in CO2 emissions per capita. This study also utilizes cross-section coefficient estimates from the short-term error correction term, revealing that all countries exhibit a significantly positive impact of GDP per capita on the increase in CO2 emissions per capita, except for Egypt, which shows a significantly negative impact on CO2 emissions per capita in short-term. Meanwhile, the impact of oil rents, trade openness, FDI, and inflation indicates significant and varying effects in each country. From this study, it can be concluded that the role of BRICS countries and its new members continues to contribute to the rise in CO2 emissions per capita, primarily driven by GDP per capita, followed by trade openness and oil rents. Therefore, a high level of commitment from BRICS countries and its new members is crucial in actively participating in achieving green growth.