Perencanaan Teknik Pengolahan Sampah Berbasis 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) dari Pusat Perbelanjaan X di Kota Jakarta Pusat
K ota Jakarta Pusat memiliki empat belas pusat perbelanjaan besar, salah satunya adalah Pusat Perbelanjaan X. Dalam bentuk penanganan sampah yang ditimbulkan, Pusat Perbelanjaan X memiliki Tempat Pengolahan Sampah (TPS) dengan lahan terbatas pada dua lokasi yang berbeda. Tujuan perencanaan ini adalah untuk merencanakan pengolahan sampah berbasis Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (TPS 3R) bagi Pusat Perbelanjaan X. Metode sampling untuk perhitungan laju timbulan dan komposisi sampah dilakukan berdasarkan SNI 19-3964-1994. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa 6500 toko menghasilkan timbulan sampah sebesar 25,02 ton/hari dengan laju timbulan sampah sebesar 3,85 kg/toko/hari. Komposisi sampah di Pusat Perbelanjaan X terdiri atas 77,42% sampah anorganik dan 22,58% sampah organik. Berdasarkan hasil uji karakteristik sampah, didapatkan rata-rata nilai kadar air sebesar 41%, rata-rata nilai kadar abu sebesar 6%, rata-rata nilai zat volatil sebesar 94%, dan rata-rata nilai kalor sebesar 10.502 kkal/kg. Sampah yang dihasilkan oleh Pusat Perbelanjaan X berpotensi untuk diolah menggunakan metode Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) bagi sampah anorganik dan organik keras serta metode Black Soldier Fly (BSF) bagi sampah organik. Kebutuhan luas lahan perencanaan TPS 3R sebesar 1.675,6 m2. Sumber sampah yang masuk ke dalam TPS 3R berasal dari sampah Pusat Perbelanjaan X, Desa Ciangsana, dan Desa Nagrak. Total timbulan sampah yang akan diolah TPS 3R sebesar 36,92 ton/hari. Biaya investasi pada perencanaan TPS 3R sebesar Rp 11.223.628.800
C entral Jakarta City has fourteen large shopping centers, one of which is Shopping Center X. In the form of handling waste generated, Shopping Center X has a Material Recovery Facility (MRF) with limited land in two different locations. The purpose of this design is to plan MRF based on Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle (3R) to waste processing for Shopping Center X. The sampling method for calculating the rate of generation and composition of waste is carried out based on SNI 19-3964-1994. The calculation shows that 6500 stores produced 25.02 ton/day waste per day with a waste generation rate of 3.85 kg/shop/day. The composition of waste in Shopping Center X consists of 77.42% inorganic waste and 22.58% organic waste. Based on the results of the waste characteristics test, an average moisture value of 41%, an average ash value of 6%, an average volatile value of 94%, and an average calorific value of 10,502 kcal/kg. The waste produced by Shopping Center X has the potential to be processed using the Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) method for inorganic and hard organic waste, and the Black Soldier Fly (BSF) method for organic waste. The land area requirement for MRF 3R planning is 1,675.6 m2. The source of waste that enters MRF 3R comes from the waste of Shopping Center X, Ciangsana Village, and Nagrak Village. The total waste generation to be processed by TPS 3R is 36.92 ton/day. The investment cost in planning MRF 3R is IDR 11,223,628,800.00.