Efektivitas ekstrak bonggol nanas (ananas comosus) terhadap pertumbuhan serta perlekatan biofilm aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans dan fusobacterium nucleatum (in vitro)
L atar Belakang: Periodontitis merupakan suatu peradangan pada gingiva dan jaringan pendukung gigi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri pada plak subgingiva seperti Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans dan Fusobacterium nucleatum. Bonggol nanas (Ananas comosus) adalah salah satu limbah dari tanaman buah nanas. Eksrak bonggol nanas mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin dan enzim bromelin yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri penyebab penyakit periodontal. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui uji daya hambat ekstrak bonggol nanas terhadap pertumbuhan serta perlekatan biofilm Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans dan Fusobacterium nucleatum. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental laboratoris dengan metode difusi sumuran agar dan melakukan uji biofilm untuk melihat kemampuan ekstrak bonggol nanas (Ananas comosus) dengan konsentrasi 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25% dan 3.12% menggunakan 96 well-plate yang diinkubasi selama 1 jam, 6 jam, dan 24 jam pada suhu 37ËšC kemudian diberi pewarnaan crsytal violet lalu diukur dengan menggunakan microplate reader. Hasil: Uji normalitas dengan metode Shapiro-Wilk menunjukkan data terdistribusi normal (p>0.05). Uji ANOVA satu jalan dan uji Post Hoc menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p<0.05) antara kemampuan ekstrak bonggol nanas dengan antar konsentrasi dalam menghambat bakteri dan biofilm Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans dan Fusobacterium nucleatum. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak bonggol nanas dengan konsentrasi 100% dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans serta dapat menghambat bakteri Fusobacterium nucleatum dengan konsentrasi 50% dan 100%. Hasil pengujian biofilm assay dengan pengukuran optical density (OD) menunjukkan setiap konsentrasi ekstrak bonggol nanas dapat menghambat densitas biofilm Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans dan Fusobacterium nucleatum.
B ackground: Periodontitis is an inflammation of the gingiva and tooth-supporting tissues caused by bacteria in subgingival plaque such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Pineapple hump extract contains flavonoids, saponins and bromelain enzymes that can inhibit the growth of bacteria that cause periodontal disease. Objective: To determine teh inhibitory test of pineapple hump extract on the growth and adhesion of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Fusobacterium nucleatum biofilms. Method: This experimental laboratory study used agar well diffusion method and biofilm assay to see the ability of pineapple hump extract with concentration of 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25% and 3.12% using 96 well-plates which was incubated for 1, 6, and 24 hours at 37ËšC, then crystal violet stained and measured using a micro-plate reader. Result: The normality test using the Shapiro-Wilk method showed that the data were normally distributed (p> 0.05). One-way ANOVA and Post Hoc test showed that there was a significant difference (p <0.05) between the ability of pineapple hump extract and between concentrations in inhibiting bacteria and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Fusobacterium nucleatum biofilms. Conclusion: Pineapple hump extract with 100% concentration can inhibit the growth of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans bacteria and Fusobacterium nucleatum bacteria with concentrations of 50% and 100%. The results of biofilm assay with optical density (OD) measurements showed that each concentration of pineapple hump extract could inhibit the biofilm density of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Fusobacterium nucleatum.