Perbandingan efektifitas amoksisilin, metronidazol, dan klindamisin dalam menghambat pertumbuhan salah satu bakteri penyebab dry socket : Kajian terhadap treponema denticola secara in vitro
P endahuluan: Dry socket merupakan komplikasi pasca ekstraksi yang paling umum ditemukan. Treponema denticola merupakan bakteri anaerob yang diduga memiliki peran khusus pada dry socket karena menunjukkan aktivitas fxbrinolitik seperti plasmin. Antibiotik sistemik yang paling sering digunakan dan efektif dal am pencegahan dry socket diantaranya adalah amoksisilin, metronidazol, dan klindamisin. Tujuan: Untuk mengetaiiui perbandingan efektifitas antimikroba amoksisilin, metronidazol. dan klindamisin dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Treponema denticola secara in vitro. Metode penelitian: Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium MiCore Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Trisakti pada November 2016. Jenis penelitian ini adalah laboratorium eksperimental dengan metode difusi sumuran menggunakan bahan uji larutan amoksisilin, metronidazol, dan klindamisin dengan konsentrasi 50%. Pengujian dilakukan secara triplo. Media yang digunakan dalam metode sumuran yaitu, trypton soya agar (TSA). Pada penelitian digunakan bakteri Treponema denticola dengan OD (ioptical density) 0,25 yang dibaca oleh microplate reader dengan panjang gelombang 600 pm. Zona daya hambat larutan amoksisilin, metronidazol, dan klindamisin terhadap Treponema denticola diukur menggunakan jangka sorong setelah inkubasi 1x24 jam. Hasil: Adanya perbedaan efektifitas amoksisilin, metronidazol, dan klindamisin dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Treponema denticola. Rata-rata diameter zona hambat yang dibentuk oleh amoksisilin = 31,05 mm, metronidazol = 9,10 mm, dan klindamisin = 28,02 mm. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan efektifitas antimikroba amoksisilin. metronidazol, dan klindamisin dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Treponema denticola, dan amoksisilin menghasilkan zona hambat paling besar dibandingkan dengan metronidazol dan klindamisin.
I ntroduction: Dry socket is one of the most common postextraction complication. Treponema denticola is an anaerobic bacterium that allegedly have a special role in dry socket, which showed plasmin-like fibrinolytic activity in vitro. Amoxicillin, metronidazol, and clindamycin are the most commonly prescribed antibiotics which are remarkably effective in reducing the incidence of dry socket. Objective: To compare the antimicrobial effectiveness of amoxicillin, metronidazole and clindamycin in inhibiting the growth of Treponema denticola in vitro. Methods: The research was conducted at the MiCore Laboratory Trisakti University School of Dentistry in November 2016. This study was an experimental laboratory to test well diffusion method using a solution of amoxicillin, metronidazole and clindamycin with a concentration of 50%. The test is carried out with triple repetitions. Media used in the well diffusion method is tryptone soya agar (TSA). On this study we used Treponema denticola with 0.25 optical density when measured with a microplate reader at 600 pm wavelenght. Inhibition zone formed from amoxicillin, metronidazole and clindamycin solution against Treponema denticola measured using calipers after 1x24 hours incubation. Results: The difference in the effectiveness of amoxicillin, metronidazole, and clindamycin in inhibiting the growth of Treponema denticola is found. The average diameter of inhibition zone formed by amoxicillin = 31.05 mm, metronidazole = 9.10 mm, and clindamycin = 28.02 mm. Conclusion: There are differences in the effectiveness of amoxicillin, metronidazole and clindamycin in inhibiting the growth of Treponema denticola, and amoxicillin produce the greatest inhibition zone compared to metronidazole and clindamycin.