Perencanaan Prasarana Sanitasi Air Limbah di Kecamatan Tebet, Jakarta Selatan
P ermasalahan sanitasi di Kelurahan Manggarai, Kecamatan Tebet, Jakarta Selatan, yang disebabkan oleh tingginya padat penduduk menyebabkan akses terbatas terhadap air bersih dan sanitasi yang tidak memadai, yang pada akhirnya berpotensi mencemari air. Oleh karena itu, perencanaan teknologi sanitasi yang tepat diperlukan di Kelurahan Manggarai untuk mengatasi masalah Buang Air Besar Sembarangan (BABs). Tujuannya adalah merencanakan teknologi sanitasi yang sesuai untuk meningkatkan sanitasi air limbah di Kelurahan Manggarai. Metode perencanaan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan data primer melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara, dan kuesioner, serta data sekunder dari lembaga terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 63% keluarga di Kelurahan Manggarai masih melakukan Buang Air Besar Sembarangan (BABs), terutama karena kurangnya tangki septik. Hanya 25% masyarakat yang menggunakan tangki septik, namun penyedotan dan perawatan tangki septik jarang dilakukan secara berkala. Oleh karena itu, teknologi sanitasi alternatif, seperti tangki septik komunal atau sanitasi di luar lokasi, akan ditentukan dan direncanakan di daerah prioritas. Kesimpulannya, kepadatan penduduk yang tinggi dan keterbatasan lahan hunian di Kelurahan Manggarai akibat sanitasi yang tidak memadai membutuhkan perencanaan teknologi sanitasi yang tepat, termasuk pengembangan teknologi sanitasi di luar lokasi dan fasilitas pengolahan air limbah komunal (IPAL) yang mampu melayani beberapa rumah secara simultan.
T he sanitation issue in Manggarai Sub-district, Tebet District, South Jakarta, arises due tothe high population density. This situation results in limited access to clean water andinadequate sanitation facilities, potentially contaminating water sources. To address theexisting problem of Open Defecation (OD), proper sanitation technology planning isnecessary in Manggarai Sub-district. The objective of this planning is to devise appropriatesanitation technology to improve the wastewater sanitation system in the area. The planningapproach used here is a quantitative descriptive approach, involving primary data collectionthrough field observations, interviews, and questionnaires. Secondary data is also obtainedfrom groundwater profile, topography, and contour elevation in the planning area. Theresearch findings reveal that 63% of households in Manggarai Sub-district still practiceopen defecation, mainly due to a lack of septic tanks. Only 25% of the community useseptic tanks, but infrequent desludging and maintenance of these tanks occur. Therefore, itis essential to determine and plan for alternative sanitation technologies in priority areas.One recommended sanitation technology is the use of communal Biotech Horizontal septictanks and wastewater treatment using the Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) technology. Thisstudy indicates that the high population density and limited residential land in ManggaraiSub-district necessitate precise sanitation technology planning. As such, the constructionof three communal wastewater treatment facilities (IPAL) is planned in RW 04, RW 06,and RW 07, capable of serving multiple households simultaneously. Additionally, 17communal septic tank units will be built in RW 02 and RW 05. With proper sanitationtechnology planning and the implementation of alternative technologies in designatedlocations and facilities, it is hoped that the sanitation issues in Manggarai Sub-district willbe effectively addressed.