Kejadian preeklampsia di trimester 3 dan dampaknya terhadap berat bayi lahir rendah
B Berat lahir adalah indikator yang penting dan reliabel bagi kelangsungan hidup neonatus dan bayi. Banyak faktor berperan dalam terjadinya berat bayi lahir rendah (BBLR), antara lain adalah preeklampsia. Preeklampsia merupakan sindrom spesifik-kehamilan berupa berkurangnya perfusi organ akibat vasospasme dan aktivasi endotel, yang ditandai dengan hipertensi dan proteinuria pada umur kehamilan diatas 20 minggu, paling banyak terlihat pada umur kehamilan 37 minggu, tetapi dapat juga timbul kapan saja pada pertengahan kehamilan. Saat ini edema pada wanita hamil dianggap hal yang biasa dan tidak spesifik dalam diagnosis preeklampsia. Pada kasus preekslampsia, tekanan darah yang meningkat menyebabkan perfusi uteroplacenta mengalami penurunan. Hal tersebut dapat menyebabkan sirkulasi darah ke janin menjadi menurun sehingga janin akan kekurangan oksigen dan nutrisi. Hal tersebut dapat menyebabkan pertumbuhan janin terhambat, dimana salah satu manifestasinya adalah BBLR. Hasil penelitian mengenai hubungan antara preeklampsia dengan BBLR masih bersifat kontrovesial. Beberapa hasil penelitian menunjukkan, adanya hubungan antara kejadian preeklampsia dengan berat badan bayi lahir.
B Birth weight is an important and reliable indicator for the survival of neonates and infants, both in terms of maternal health, newborns and nutrition from developed and developing countries. One of the factors causing the occurrence of low birth weight is preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific syndrome of reduced organ perfusion due to vasospasm and endothelial activation, which is characterized by hypertension and proteinuria at gestational age above 20 weeks, most commonly seen at 37 weeks gestation, but can also occur at any time in mid-pregnancy. Currently, edema in pregnant women is considered normal and is not specific in the diagnosis of preeclampsia. In the case of pre-eclampsia, the increased blood pressure causes uteroplacental perfusion to decrease. This can cause blood circulation to the fetus to decrease so that the fetus will lack oxygen and nutrients. This can cause stunted fetal growth, where one of the manifestations is LBW. However, it cannot be denied that there are still many incidents of pre-eclampsia and low birth weight babies. Although these two incidents are related to each other, the incidence of low birth weight is not always caused by the mother with pre-eclampsia because there are other factors that can cause low birth weight, including preterm gestation, multiple pregnancy, antepartum hemorrhage. and others