Efek minyak atsiri kayu cendana india (santalum album l.) Terhadap pertumbuhan dan pembentukan biofilm streptococcus sanguinis dan aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (in vitro)
P Penyakit periodontal disebabkan oleh akumulasi bakteri dalam plakgigi yang menyebabkan inflamasi jaringan penyangga gigi. Streptococcus sanguinisdan Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans adalah bakteri yang berperan dalampatogenesis penyakit periodontal. Pencegahan penyakit periodontal dilakukan dengankontrol plak secara kimiawi menggunakan klorheksidin. Namun, penggunaanklorheksidin menimbulkan efek yang merugikan. Alternatif bahan klorheksidin yangdapat digunakan adalah ekstrak minyak atsiri kayu cendana India yang bersifatantibakteri.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui efek minyak atsiri kayu cendana India dalammenghambat pertumbuhan dan pembentukan biofilm Streptococcus sanguinis danAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Metode: Minyak atsiri kayu cendana India100% dilarutkan menggunakan Tween 20 hingga konsentrasi 50%, 25%, 12,5%,6,25%, 3,125%, dan 1,5625%. Bakteri Streptococcus sanguinis dan Aggregatibacteractinomycetemcomitans dikultur 24 jam dalam BHI-B suhu 37°C. Uji antimikrobamenggunakan metode mikrodilusi dan hasil dihitung menggunakan rumus total kolonibakteri (CFU/mL).Uji biofilm dilakukan dengan metode biofilm assay yang diinkubasi1 jam, 3 jam, dan 24 jam. Hasil uji biofilm dihitung menggunakan microplate readerdengan panjang gelombang 490 nm. Hasil: Daya hambat minimal (MIC) padaStreptococcus sanguinis dan Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans diperoleh padakonsentrasi 50%. Konsentrasi terbaik minyak atsiri kayu cendana India dalammenghambat pembentukan biofilm Streptococcus sanguinis adalah 50% pada semuamasa inkubasi. Konsentrasi terbaik dalam menghambat pembentukan biofilmAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans inkubasi 1 jam adalah 25%, inkubasi 3 jamdan 24 jam adalah 12,5%. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak minyak atsiri kayu cendana Indiaterbukti efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan dan pembentukan biofilmStreptococcus sanguinis dan Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.
P Periodontal disease is caused by the accumulation of bacteria in dentalplaque that causes inflammation of tooth supporting tissues. Streptococcus sanguinisand Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans involved in pathogenesis of periodontaldisease. Prevention of periodontal disease is done by chemical plaque control usingchlorhexidine. However, the use of chlorhexidine causes adverse effects. Thealternative of chlorhexidine is Indian sandalwood essential oil extract. Objective: Todetermine the effect of Indian sandalwood essential oil in inhibiting growth and biofilmformation of Streptococcus sanguinis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.Methods: 100% Indian sandalwood essential oil extract was dissolved using Tween 20to concentrations of 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.125%, and 1.5625%. Streptococcussanguinis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were cultured for 24 hours inBHI-B at 37°C. Antimicrobial test used the microdilution method and were calculatedusing formula (CFU/mL). Biofilm test was carried out using the biofilm assay methodincubated for 1 hour, 3 hours, and 24 hours. Biofilm assay results were calculated usingmicroplate reader 490 nm. Results: Minimal inhibition (MIC) Streptococcus sanguinisand Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was obtained at 50%. The bestconcentration of Indian sandalwood essential oil in inhibiting biofilm formation ofStreptococcus sanguinis was 50%. The best concentration in inhibitingAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans biofilm formation for 1 hour incubation was25%, 3 hours and 24 hours incubation was 12.5%. Conclusion: Indian sandalwoodessential oil extract proved effective in inhibiting growth and biofilm formation ofStreptococcus sanguinis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.