Perbandingan angka ketahanan hidup penyakit ginjal kronik antara stadium empat dan lima
P Penyakit ginjal kronik merupakan masalah medik, sosial, dan ekonomi terutama di negara-negara berkembang. Diperkirakan, jumlah penyakit ginjal kronik di Indonesia terus meningkat tahun ke tahun. Hipotesis penelitian ini adalah pasien penyakit ginjal kronik stadium 5 mempunyai angka ketahanan hidup lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan pasien penyakit ginjal kronik stadium 4.METODEPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan metode crosssectional. Total 77 orang pasien digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Data pada penelitian ini merupakan data sekunder dari rekam medis pasien yang berasal dari RSUD Cengkareng. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS for Windows versi 17.0 dan tingkat kemaknaan yang digunakan besarnya 0,05.HASILPerhitungan data menggunakan rumus Kaplan-Meier serta uji Mann Whitney didapatkan angka harapan hidup pasien penyakit ginjal kronik stadium 5 (62,85%) lebih rendah daripada stadium 4 (88,09%). Uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara hemodialisis dengan angka ketahanan hidup (p=0.000<0.05), sementara tidak didapatkan hubungan antara faktor usia dengan angka ketahanan hidup (p>0.05). Berdasarkan uji Chi-Square menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara jenis kelamin dengan angka ketahanan hidup (p=0.545>0.05). Uji Chi-Square menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara Hipertensi dengan angka ketahanan hidup (p=0.001<0.05). Uji Chi-Square juga menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara Diabetes Melitusdengan angka ketahanan hidup (p=0.579>0.05).KESIMPULANHasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyakit ginjal stadium 5 memiliki angka harapan hidup lebih rendah dibanding stadium 4. Didapatkan pula frekuensi hemodialisis dan hipertensi mempunyai hubungan terhadap angka harapan hidup dari penyakit ginjal kronik, sedangkan umur, jenis kelamin, dan diabetes melitus tidak mempunyai hubungan terhadap angka ketahanan hidup penyakit ginjal kronik.
C Chronic kidney disease is a medical, social, and economic issue, especially in developing countries. It has been estimated that the number of chronic kidney disease in Indonesia continues to increase over time. The hypothesis in this study was patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease have a lower survival rate compared to patients with stage 4 chronic kidney disease.METHODSThis study was a descriptive analytical study which utilises a cross-sectional method. A total of 77 patients were observed in this study. The data in this study is a secondary data from the medical records of patients from Cengkareng Hospital. Data was analysed using SPSS for Windows version 17.0 and the level of significance was set at 0.05.RESULTSData calculated using the Kaplan-Meier formula and Mann Whitney test showed that survival rate of patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (62.85 %) was lower in comparison to patients with stage 4 chronic kidney disease (88.09 %). Spearman correlation test showed that there was a significant relationship between hemodialysis and survival rate (p=0.000<0.05) and also showed that there was no significant correlation between age factor and survival rate (p>0.05). Chi-Square test showed that there was no significant correlation between sex and survival rate (p=0.545>0.05). Chi-square test also showed that there was a significant correlation between hypertension and survival rates (p=0.001<0.05). Chi-Square test also showed that there was no significant correlation between diabetes mellitus and survival rates (p = 0.579 > 0.05).CONCLUSIONSThis study showed that the stage 5 chronic kidney disease has significantly lower survival rate than the stage 4 chronic kidney disease patients. The results showed that the frequency of hemodialysis and hypertension are significantly correlated to the survival rate of chronic kidney disease, whereas age, sex, and diabetes mellitus may not be related to the survival rate of chronic kidney disease