Studi hubungan kadar debu total (TSP) dan gas Hidrogen Florida (HF) terhadap status kesehatan Karayawan di Pabrik Pupuk Fosfat di PT. Petrokimis Gresik, Jawa Timur
Info Katalog
File Repositori
Penerbit : FALTL - Usakti
Kota Terbit : Jakarta
Tahun Terbit : 2002
Pembimbing 1 : Soepangat Soemarto
Pembimbing 2 : MM Sintorini M
Subyek : Air pollution;Occupational health;Air - Quality control
Kata Kunci : dust level, PT Petrokimia Gresik, hidrogen Florida
Status Posting : Published
Status : Lengkap
File Repositori
| No. | Nama File | Hal. | Link |
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| 1. | 2002_TA_STL_08296030_Halaman-Judul.pdf | 13 | |
| 2. | 2002_TA_STL_08296030_Lembar-Pengesahan.pdf | ||
| 3. | 2002_TA_STL_08296030_Bab-1_Pendahuluan.pdf | 4 | |
| 4. | 2002_TA_STL_08296030_Bab-2_Tinjauan-Pustaka.pdf |
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| 5. | 2002_TA_STL_08296030_Bab-3_Metode-Penelitian.pdf |
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| 6. | 2002_TA_STL_08296030_Bab-4_Hasil-Analisa.pdf |
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| 7. | 2002_TA_STL_08296030_Bab-5_Pembahasan.pdf |
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| 8. | 2002_TA_STL_08296030_Bab-6_Kesimpulan-dan-Saran.pdf |
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| 9. | 2002_TA_STL_08296030_Daftar-Pustaka.pdf | 3 | |
| 10. | 2002_TA_STL_08296030_Lampiran.pdf |
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P PT. Petrokimia Gresik sebagai salah satu perusahaan pupuk terbesar di Indonesia yang mempunyai andil cukup besar dalam masalah lingkungan hidup terutama masalah pencemaran udara akibat debu dan gas. Selain karena masalahnya cukup kompleks, pencemaran udara tidak hanya mengak.ibatkan kerusakan pada satu daerah saja tetapi juga menyangkut masalah komunitas yang lebih besar.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui konsentrasi debu total (TSP) dan gas hidrogen florida (HF) di lingkungan kerja yang kemudian membandingkannya dengan nilai ambang batas (NAB) dalam Surat Edaran Menteri Tenaga Kerja Nomor : SE-0I/MEN/1997 tentang Nilai Ambang Batas Faktor Kimia di Udara Lingkungan Kerja, mengetahui pengaruh kadar TSP dan gas HF terhadap status kesehatan karyawan, clan mengetahui upaya pengendalian yang dilakukan Pf. Petrokimia Gresik dalam meminimasi pencemaran.Pengukuran kadar TSP clan gas HF dilakukan pada tanggal 15-16 April 2002 di 2 lokasi yaitu Grinding Unit dan Granulating Unit. Setiap lokasi diambil 4 titik pengukuran dan waktu pengukurannya dibagi menjadi 3 (sesuai dengan shift kerja karyawan). Untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar TSP, gas HF, suhu dan kelembaban digunakan metode statistik regresi linier. Sedangkan untuk mengetahui status kesehatan karyawan dilakukan dengan cara menyebarkan kuesioner kepada karyawan, dan kemudian dianalisa menggunakan metode statistik regresi logistik.Hasil pengukuran rata-rata kadar TSP Cli Unit Grinding sebesar 5,8626 mg/ml(dibawah NAB sebesar 10 mg/ml), sedangkan di Unit Granulating sebesar 16,6385 mg/ml (melebihi NAB). Pengukuran rata-rata kadar gas HF di Unit Grinding sebesar 2,1845 mg/ml (dibawah NAB sebesar 2,5 mg/nr'), sedangkan di Unit Granulating sebesar 5,4433 mg/ml (melebihi NAB). Pada Unit Granulating dengan kadar TSP clan gas HF yang melebihi NAB, jumlah karyawan yang memiliki status kesehatan buruk lebih besar (61,40%) dibandingkan Unit Grinding (38,60%) yang kadar debu dan gas HF-nya dibawah NAB.Dari basil analisa statistik regresi linier, kadar TSP dipengaruhi oleh kadar gas HF dan kclcmbaban scbesar 98% dan 2% sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain.Dengan analisa statistik regresi logistik, dihubungkan antara status kesehatan (variabeltcrikat) dengan kadar TSP, kadar gas HF, umur, masa kerja, kcpatuhandan latar belakang kesehatan (variabel bebas). Pada analisa multivariat, angka signifikannya yang lebih kecil dari 0,05 (P < 0,05)adalah masa kerja (P = 0,026) dan latar belakang kesehatan (P = 0,048). Berarti terdapat hubunganyang signifikan antara status kesehatan yang buruk dengan umur dan masa kerja karyawan.Resiko relatif karyawan yang bekerja di lokasi dengan TSP dan gas HF tinggi (Unit Granulating) mengalami gangguan dengan pemafasan adalah 2,62 kali lebih besar dibandingkan dengan karyawan yang bekerja di lokasi dengan TSP dan gas HF rendah (Unit Grinding).Upaya pengendalian yang dilakukan adalah dengan memasang alat penangkap debu dan gas pada setiap proses yang berpotcnsi menimbulkan pencemaran seperti cyclone, bag jilter, waler spray,dan an wet scrubber. Untuk mengurangi bahan pencemar yang keluar akibat kerusakan mesin, makadilakukan pemeriksaan, pembersihan, dan pemeliharaan alat secara berkala. Sedangkan upaya pengendalian secara langsung kepada karyawan adalah dengan menyediakan secara lengkap alat pelindung diri.
P PT Petrokimia Gresik as one of the greatest fertilizer companies in Indonesia plays an important role in the living environment problems in particular air pollution due to its gas and particulate. In addition to its complex problem, air pollution not only causes spoilage of any area but it also deals with the greater community.The objective of this research is to examine the total suspended particulate (TSP) and Hydrogen Fluoride gasses in the workplace and then compare it with threshold value limit in Surat Edaran Menteri Tenaga Kerja No. SE-0 l/MEN/1997 on Chemical Threshold value Limit in Workplace Environment air, to know the impact of TSP and HF gasses on the workers' health status and investigate the control activities carried out by PT Petrokimia Grcsik in minimize air pollution.The measurement of TSP and HF gasses was carried out on 15-6 April 2002 in two locations, namely Grinding Unit and Granulating Unit. In each location, the measurement point was taken and divided intro three (according to worker shift). To investigate the correlation of TSP and Hydrogen Fluoride gasses, temperature and moisture, using linear regression statistical method. While to examine the workers' health status, questionnaire was distributed to the workers, and then theirresponses were analyzed using logistic regression statistical method.The measurement result of average TSP concentration in the Grinding Unit was5.8626 mglm3 (lower than threshold value limit, 10 mglm3), while in the Granulating Unit was16.6385 mglm3 (higher than threshold value limit). The ~;veragemeasurement of HF gas concentration in the Grinding Unit was 2.1845 mglm3 (lower than Threshold value limit, 2.5 mg/nr'), while in the Granulating Unit was 5.4433 mg/m3 (higher than threshold value limit). In the Granualting unit with TSP and HF concentration higher than threshold value limit, the workers with bad health status were more (61.40%) compared with those in the Grinding Unit (38.60%) with TSP and HF lower than threshold value limit.From the linear regression statistic analysis, the TSP concentration was influenced by HFgasses and moisture as much as 98% and 2% and the rest was influence other factors.Using logistic regression statistic analysis, the workers' health status (dependent variable) was correlated with TSP concentration, HF gasses concentration, age, tenure, obedience, and health background (independent variable). In the multivariate analysis, the significant figure higher than 0.05(P < 0.05) is tenure (P = 0.026) and health background (P = 0.048), meaning that there is significantcorrelation between workers' bad health status and age and tenure.The relative risk of the workers in the location with high TSP and HF (Granulating Unit)suffers from disease at the respiration was 2.62 times greater compared with the workers working inthe TSP and HF concentration gas which are lower (Grinding Unit).The controlling activities done by the company was by installing and gas dust collectors in each process with potential to cause pollution such as cyclone, bag filter, water sprayer, and wetscrubber. To reduce the pollutant emitting from the factory due to machine mal-Iunction, examination,maintenance and cleaning of the equipment periodically. The direct control over the workers was carried out by providing maskers to protect them individually.
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