B Backgroundnutritional problems in indonesia, particularly among children under five, remain unresolved public health issues. malnutrition—including underweight and stunted growth has a significant impact on a child\\\'s future development. these conditions may be influenced by family, child, and environmental factors. this study aims to analyze the association between these risk factors and the incidence of underweight and stunted children in dki jakarta and west nusa tenggara (ntb) provinces based on data from the 2023 indonesian health survey (ski).methodsthis study employed a cross-sectional design using total sampling from the 2023 ski data. the sample included children under five from both provinces who met the inclusion criteria. nutritional status (underweight and stunted) was assessed using who weight-for-age and height-for-age growth standards. data were analyzed using chi-square tests with a significance level of p<0.05.resultsthe findings revealed significant associations between underweight status and factors such as parental education, health insurance, socioeconomic status, history of acute respiratory infections, birth weight, household size, toilet facilities, liquid waste disposal (bathroom and kitchen), waste management, and handwashing facilities and soap availability (p<0.05). stunting was also significantly associated with parental education, health insurance, socioeconomic status, child’s age, basic immunization, exclusive breastfeeding, and similar sanitation factors (p<0.05).conclusionsunderweight and stunting among children under five in dki jakarta and ntb are associated with family, child, and environmental sanitation factors. these findings underscore the need for multisectoral approaches to address child malnutrition, emphasizing improvements in socioeconomic conditions, childcare practices, and environmental sanitation.