D ental caries is a disease that the most often occurs in shildren. Caries are caused by four main factors which is the host, substrate, microorganisms and time. There are several risk factors for caries include diet, social factors, the use of flouride, plaque control, and saliva. Caries risk is divided into three levels: high, moderate, and low. Assessment of caries risk level can be assessed from clinical examination based on the three indicators of caries: clinical conditions, environmental characteristics, and general health condition. Another way to assess the risk of caries is to used cariogram. Assessment of caries risk is important to make a proper decision of prevention and treatment plan to reduce a risk of caries and improve overall oral health. The prevention in children with high caries risk includes behavior modification, dental health education, oral hygiene, diet and sugar consumption, sealant, use of flouride and chlorhexidine.