Hubungan antara quadriceps angle dengan kemampuan fungsional lutut pada lansia
L ansia, usia 60 tahun ke atas, mengalami perubahan fungsi tubuh, khususnya pada sendi lutut. Osteoarthritis umum terjadi, menyebabkan nyeri dan penurunan kualitas hidup. Prevalensi osteoarthritis di Indonesia pada lansia >60 tahun mencapai 65%. Kemampuan fungsional lutut dipengaruhi oleh quadriceps angle (Q angle), sudut antara spina iliaka anterior superior ke tulang patela dan dari tuberositas tibia ke pusat tulang patela. Q angle penting untuk menilai kesehatan lutut. Penelitian sebelumnya memberikan hasil yang bervariasi mengenai hubungan antara Q angle dan kemampuan fungsional lutut pada lansia. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan tersebut.METODEPenelitian ini menggunakan metode potong lintang dengan total 149 responden yang dipilih melalui consecutive non-random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada bulan November dan Desember 2023. Kemampuan fungsional lutut dinilai menggunakan kuesioner Oxford Knee Score dan derajat Q Angle dinilai dengan menggunakan alat ukur Goniometer. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji Chi-Square.HASILHasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 149 responden memiliki mayoritas jenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 98 responden (65.8%). Dapat dilihat juga sebanyak 103 responden (69.1%) merupakan lanjut usia muda. Berdasarkan besarnya derajat Q angle didapatkan 99 responden (66.4%) memiliki derajat yang abnormal. Kemampuan fungsional lutut yang menurun sedang-berat merupakan yang paling banyak 54 responden (36.2%). Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara jenis kelamin dan kemampuan fungsional lutut (p<0,001). Usia juga berhubungan dengan kemampuan fungsional lutut (p<0,001). Selain itu, derajat Q Angle juga menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna dengan kemampuan fungsional lutut (p<0,001).KESIMPULANTerdapat hubungan bermakna antara jenis kelamin dan kemampuan fungsional lutut, didapatkan juga hubungan yang bermakna antara usia dan kemampuan fungsional lutut,dan juga hubungan bermakna antara Q Angle dan kemampuan fungsional lutut.
T he elderly, aged 60 years and above, experience changes in body function, particularly in the knee joint. Osteoarthritis is common, causing pain and decreased quality of life. The prevalence of osteoarthritis in Indonesia in the elderly >60 years reaches 65%. The functional ability of the knee is affected by the quadriceps angle (Q angle), the angle between the superior anterior iliac spina to the patella bone and from the tuberosity of the tibia to the center of the patella bone. Q angle is important for assessing knee health. Previous studies have provided mixed results regarding the relationship between Q angle and knee functional ability in the elderly. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship.METHODSThis study used a cross-sectional method with a total of 149 respondents selected through consecutive non-random sampling. Data collection was conducted in November and December 2023. Knee functional ability was assessed using the Oxford Knee Score questionnaire and the degree of Q Angle was assessed using a Goniometer measuring instrument. Statistical analysis used the Chi-Square test.RESULTSThe results of this study showed that of the 149 respondents, the majority were female as many as 98 respondents (65.8%). It can also be seen that 103 respondents (69.1%) are elderly. Based on the degree of Q angle, 99 respondents (66.4%) had an abnormal degree. Knee functional ability that decreased moderately-severely was the most 54 respondents (36.2%). There was a significant relationship between gender and knee functional ability (p<0.001). Age was also associated with knee functional ability (p<0.001). In addition, the degree of Q Angle also showed a significant relationship with knee functional ability (p<0.001).CONCLUSIONSThere is a significant relationship between gender and knee functional ability, there is also a significant relationship between age and knee functional ability, and also a significant relationship between Q Angle and knee functional ability.