Efek antibakteri obat anestesi lokal terhadap pertumbuhan streptococcus sanguinis (Laporan Penelitian)
L Latar Belakang: Dalam bidang kedokteran gigi, obat anestesi lokal pada umumnya digunakan sebelum perawatan yang invasif untuk menghilangkan rasanyeri. Namun, beberapa peneliti terdahulu mengatakan bahwa obat anestesi lokaljuga mempunyai efek antibakteri. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap Streptococcussanguinis yang merupakan salah satu bakteri yang banyak terdapat dalam ronggamulut dan berpotensi menjadi patogen apabila menginvasi jaringan. Tujuan: Untukmeneliti apakah benar terdapat efek antibakteri pada sediaan obat anestesi lokalterhadap Streptococcus sanguinis. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian invitro dengan rancangan penelitian post-test only control-design yang dilaksanakandi laboratorium MiCORE FKG Univesitas Trisakti. Sediaan yang digunakan yaitulidokain HCl murni 10%, lidokain spray 10%, dan benzokain gel 20% terhadapbakteri Streptococcus sanguinis. Hasil: Didapatkan nilai rerata zona hambatpertumbuhan S. sanguinis sebagai berikut, lidokain HCl murni 10% (0 mm),lidokain spray 10% (9,93 mm), benzokain gel 20% (10,18 mm), povidone iodine10% (10,44 mm), dan klorheksidin 0,2% (16,48 mm). Kesimpulan: Sediaan obatanestesi lokal yang tersedia di pasaran memiliki efek antibakteri walaupuntergolong lemah, hal ini mungkin disebabkan oleh adanya bahan pengawet yangterkandung di dalamnya. Sebaliknya, sediaan anestetik lokal yang murni tidakmemiliki efek antibakteri.
B Background: In dentistry, local anesthetic drugs are commonly used in invasivetreatment for pain relief. However, previous studies have revealed that localanesthetics drugs also show an antibacterial effect. This research was conducted onS. sanguinis, which is one of the bacteria that is commonly found in oral cavity andmay become a pathogen when invading the tissue. Objective: The purpose of thisstudy was to examine the antimicrobial activity of local anesthetic drugs against S.sanguinis. Method: This study is an in vitro research with post-test only controldesign. It was done at MiCORE laboratory in Trisakti University Faculty ofDentistry. Antimicrobial effects of pure lidocaine HCl 10%, lidocaine spray 10%,and benzocaine 20% were assessed against S. sanguinis. Results: The mean valueof S. sanguinis growth inhibition zones were obtained as follows, pure lidocaineHCl 10% (0 mm), lidocaine spray 10% (9,93 mm), benzocaine gel 20% (10,18 mm),povidone iodine 10% (10,44 mm), and chlorhexidine 0,2% (16,48 mm).Conclusion: Local anesthetic preparations available on the market have a weakantibacterial effect against S. sanguinis, this may occur due to its preservatives. Onthe other hand, the pure local anesthetic preparation shows no antibacterial effect.