B Backgrounddepression is one of the most prevalent mental health disorders among adolescents and young adults. according to the 2023 indonesia health survey (ski), the prevalence of depression in individuals aged 15–24 years reached 2%, with over 61% reporting suicidal ideation. depression is influenced by multifactorial risks, including biological, psychosocial, and behavioral domains.methodsthis study employed a cross-sectional design using secondary data from the 2023 ski. the sample included all respondents aged 15–24 years residing in both urban and rural areas throughout indonesia. data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods (chi-square test), and binary logistic regression was applied to determine the predictors of depression and medication adherence.resultsin urban areas, depression was significantly associated with gender, employment status, history of mental illness, smoking behavior, alcohol consumption, and medication adherence. in rural areas, similar associations were found except for medication adherence, which showed no significant relationship. logistic regression analysis revealed that living in urban areas, being female, and being unemployed were major determinants of depression.conclusionearly identification of depression risk factors is crucial to improving screening, prevention, and intervention efforts, especially for adolescents and young adults in indonesia.