Analisis zona bahaya tsunami menggunakan sistem informasi geografis, daerah teluk cerita dan sekitarnya, Provinsi Banten
K Kawasan pantai Indonesia dan perairan sekitarnya berada di daerah tepianpunggungan yang mana sering terjadi gempa. Gempa-gempa tersebut sebagianberpusat di dasar Samudera Hindia dan dapat memicu terjadinya tsunami. Daerahpenelitian berada di Provinsi Banten, dimana menurut catatan sejarah tsunami besarpernah terjadi ketika Gunung Krakatau di Selat Sunda meletus pada 24 Agustustahun 1883. Akibatnya menewaskan lebih dari 40.000 orang yang sebagian besardiakibatkan oleh gelombang tsunami. Lokasi daerah penelitian secara administratifterletak di daerah Teluk Carita dan sekitarnya yang secara geografis berada padatitik koordinat 105,828°E – 105,868°E dan 6,28°S – 6,33°S. Tujuan penelitian iniadalah membuat peta kerentanan wilayah terhadap tsunami di pesisir Teluk Caritamenggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG) kemudian mengindentifikasiwilayah-wilayah mana saja yang berada pada kelas sangat rentan sampai sangataman. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah secara kualitatif dankuantitatif. Pengolahan data parameter-parameter yang mewakili tiap variabelkerentanan, yaitu: jarak pantai dari sumber gempa, jarak dari pantai, jarak darisungai, elevasi pesisir, kelerengan topografi dan tata guna lahan. Kemudiandiberikan bobot dan skor tiap variabel kerentanan, lalu pengolahan data kerentananwilayah terhadap tsunami untuk mendapatkan peta kerentanan wilayah terhadaptsunami. Melalui analisis dan pemodelan SIG, diperoleh peta kerentanan tsunamiyang terdiri dari lima kelas. Kelima kelas tersebut adalah kelas sangat rendah, Kelasrendah Kelas sedang, Kelas tinggi, Kelas sangat tinggi. Dengan begitu, daerahTeluk Carita dan sekitarnya berpotensi tsunami dengan daerah paling rawan yangberada dekat dengan pantai sampai jarak kurang lebih 3 km dari garis pantai.
T The coastal area and the surrounding waters are located in the ridge areas,where earthquakes often occur. These earthquakes are partially centered at thebottom of the Indian Ocean, which could trigger a tsunami. According to theresearch center, the biggest tsunami in history, which occurred in Banten happenedwhen the Krakatau mountain in Sunda Strait erupted in 24th August 1883. As aresult, the incident has killed more than 40.000 people, which mostly died from theTsunami. This study was conducted in the Carita bay area and its vicinity which is geographically located at the coordinate point of 105.828 ° E - 105.868 ° E and 6.28° S - 6.33 ° S. The objectives of this study is to produce vulnerability map of tsunamiat the coastal area of Carita bay using Geographic Information System (GIS) as wellas to identify the areas with the highest and lowest vulnerability level. The methodsused in this study were qualitative and quantitative technique. The variables of thestudy, which also represent the vulnerable factors, are distance of coastal area fromthe earthquake source, distance from coastal area, distance from river, coastalelevation, slope, and land use. After the variables were given weight and score, thedata collected were processed to produce the regional vulnerability map of tsunami.Through GIS analysis and modeling, vulnerability map of tsunami was produced,which consist of five classes of vulnerability. The five classes include the very lowclass, the low class, the medium, the high class, and the very high class. Inconclusion, Carita bay and its surrounding areas are potential for tsunami with themost vulnerable area located near the coastal area with the distance ofapproximately 3 km from the coastline.