Perbandingan efektivitas sitotoksik ekstrak air dan etanol bawang putih (allium sativum) terhadap lini sel HSC-3
L Latar belakang: Kanker mulut (kanker bibir dan rongga mulut) merupakan satudari sekian banyak masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Kanker mulut berada padaposisi ke-3 jenis kanker yang paling banyak diderita. Pada tahun 2020 terhitunghampir 180.000 kematian akibat kanker bibir dan rongga mulut dengan prevalensitertinggi pada negara di Asia. Bawang putih (Allium sativum) merupakan salah satubahan alami yang memiliki berbagai aktivitas farmakologis termasuk efekantikanker. Kandungan organosulfur dari A. sativum mampu menghambatpertumbuhan sel kanker. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adatidaknya perbedaan efektivitas ekstrak air dan etanol A. sativum terhadap lini selHSC-3. Metode: Lini sel HSC-3 diberi perlakuan dengan ekstrak air dan etanol A.sativum dengan variasi konsentrasi 50 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, 200 μg/mL, 400 μg/mL,dan 800 μg/mL selama 24 jam lalu dilakukan uji sitotoksitas dengan metode MTTAssay. Hasil: Uji normalitas dengan metode Shapiro-Wilk menunjukkan dataterdistribusi normal (p>0,05). Uji ANOVA satu arah menunjukkan adanyaperbedaan yang signifikan antar kelompok (p<0,05). Ada perbedaan sitotoksitasantara ekstrak air dan etanol A. sativum. Ekstrak air A. sativum terbukti lebihmampu dalam menurunkan viabilitas sel pada konsentrasi 400 μg/mL denganpersentase viabilitas sel 40,229% dan 800 μg/mL dengan persentase viabilitas sel34,482%. Ekstrak etanol A. sativum konsentrasi 800 μg/mL memiliki persentaseviabilitas sel 40,229%. Kesimpulan: Ada perbedaan sitotoksitas antara ekstrak airdan etanol A. sativum terhadap lini sel HSC-3. Ekstrak air A. sativum lebih mampumenurunkan viabilitas sel HSC-3 jika dibandingkan dengan ekstrak etanol A.sativum
B Background: Oral cancer (cancer of the lips and oral cavity) is one of the manydental and oral health problems. Oral cancer is in the 3rd position of the mostcommon type of cancer. In 2020, cancer of the lips and oral cavity accounted nearly180,000 deaths with the highest prevalence in Asian countries. Garlic (Alliumsativum) is one of the natural ingredients that has various pharmacological activitiesincluding anticancer effects. The organosulfur content of A. sativum is able toinhibit the growth of cancer cells. Objective: This study was aimed to determinewhether or not there were differences in the effectiveness of aqueous and ethanolextracts of A. sativum against the HSC-3 cell line. Methods: HSC-3 cell lines weretreated with aqueous and ethanol extracts of A. sativum with varying concentrationsof 50 g/mL, 100 g/mL, 200 g/mL, 400 g/mL, and 800 g/mL for 24 hours and thencytotoxicity test was performed using the MTT Assay method. Results: Normalitytest using the Shapiro-Wilk method showed that the data were normally distributed(p>0,05). One-way ANOVA test showed a significant difference between groups(p<0,05). There were differences in cytotoxicity between aqueous and ethanolextracts of A. sativum. The aqueous extract of A. sativum was proven to be morecapable of decreasing cell viability at a concentration of 400 g/mL with a cellviability percentage of 40.229% and 800 g/mL with a cell viability percentage of34.482%. The ethanol extract of A. sativum with a concentration of 800 g/mL hada proportion of cell viability of 40.229%. Conclusion: There was a difference incytotoxicity between aqueous and ethanol extracts of A. sativum against the HSC-3 cell line.