Gambaran status kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak downs syndrome : kajian di SLB C Dian Grahita Kemayoran Jakarta Pusat
L Latar belakang : Down’s Syndrome merupakan kelainan genetik yang disebabkan adanya kelebihan kromosom 21, kelainan tersebut mengakibatkan keterlambatan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan baik fisik maupun mnetal, pada umumnya down syndrome memiliki tingkat kecerdasan di bawah rata- rata (IQ kira-kia 70 atau lebih rendah). Keterbatasan ini menyebabkan pendidikan kesehatan gigi dan mulut sulit di terima sehinggah tingkat keparahan gingivitis masih sangat tinggi. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui gambaran kebersihan gigi dan mulut, gambaran karies gigi dan gambaran gingivitis anak Down’s Syndrome. Material dan metode : Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional deskritif dengan melakukan pemeriksaan kebersihan mulut dengan oral hygine index-simplified, pemeriksaan karies gigi dengan menggunakan indek deft/DMFT, dan pemeriksaan gingivitis dengan menggunakan indeks gingivitis. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 79 subjek yang terdiri dari 45 subjek laki-laki dan 34 subjek perempuan. Hasil penelitian: hasil yang ditemukan pada pemeriksaan kebersihan mulut di dapatkan 55 subjek (69,62%) memilki kebersihan mulut kategori baik, frekuensi karie gigi di dapatkan 59 subjek (74,68%) memilki kategori sangat rendah, dan frekuensi keparahan gingivitis di temukan 46 subjek (58,22%) memilki kategori sedang. Kesimpulan : hasil peneletian di harapkan dapat memberikan informasi dan pengetahuan lebih tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak Down’s Syndrome.
B Background: Down’s Syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21) that causes a delay in both physical and mental growth and development. In general, people with Down’s Syndrome have a lower than average intelligence level, with an IQ of approximately 70 or lower. This disability makes it hard to receive and understand dental health education, which then leads to the very high severity of gingivitis in children with Down’s Syndrome. Objective: to overview of the oral hygiene, caries rate, and gingivitis in children with Down’s Syndrome. Materials and methods: A descriptive observational study is done on 79 subjects, which are 45 males and 34 females. Assessment of oral hygiene is done using Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, caries assessment using the deft/DMFT index, and gingivitis assessment using Gingivitis Index. Results: 55 subjects (69,22%) were found to have good oral hygiene, while 59 subjects (74.68%) were found to have a low caries frequency. As for gingivitis severity, 46 subjects (58,22%) were found to have moderate severity. Conclusion: Based on results, it is concluded tht more information and knowledge about dental health is required for children with Down’s Syndrome.