T This study entitled "a comparative legal analysis of narcotics abuse case examination in indonesia and south korea" comprehensively examines the similarities and differences in the mechanisms of narcotics abuse case examination within the legal systems of both countries. using a normative research approach with a comparative legal method, this study analyzes substantive regulations (indonesia’s law no. 35/2009 on narcotics, the criminal procedure code, and derivative regulations; south korea’s narcotics control act and criminal procedure act) as well as the operational implementation in law enforcement practice. the main findings indicate that although both countries follow a civil law system, significant structural divergences exist. indonesia adopts a multi-agency coordination model involving the national narcotics agency (bnn), police, prosecutor’s office, and courts within the framework of the criminal justice system, emphasizing rehabilitation under the legal umbrella of supreme court circular no. 4/2010 and joint regulations of law enforcement agencies. meanwhile, south korea implements a centralized system under the sole authority of the public prosecutor as the main controller of the investigation to prosecution process based on the criminal procedure act. at the implementation level, indonesia’s advantage lies in integrating rehabilitation into the penal system, while its weaknesses include coordination complexity among agencies and limited rehabilitation facilities. south korea excels in procedural efficiency through a prosecutor-led investigation mechanism but faces serious challenges regarding the availability of adequate medical rehabilitation institutions. the study recommends strengthening evidence-based rehabilitation models in indonesia and improving access to rehabilitation services in south korea as complementary solutions to a purely penal approach.