L Leukemia is a white blood cell neoplasm with varied clinical manifestations and first time detected in the oral cavity. Rapid growing gingival enlargement is one of the early signs of this disease. These abnormalities cause the form of gingival clinically appear larger than normal and very disrupt aesthetic and functional of teeth. Clinical features of gingival enlargement in patients with leukemic include bluish-red gingival, shiny and smooth surface, and soft-firm in consistency. It occurs because of the proliferation of leukocytes into the connective tissue. Moreover the pain and gingival bleeding due to leukemic patients are also experienced a widening of blood vessels. Determination of leukemic diagnosis through indicators of gingival enlargement requires a clinical examination, blood, and biopsy. The prevalence of gingival enlargement is more common in acute than chronic leukemic, it’s about 36% in acute leukemic and 10% in chronic leukemic. Periodontal treatment in patients with leukemic requires consultation between physicians and dental specialists who treat the patients. In a patient with leukemic who have an unfavorable hematologic status does not allow invasive action. Therefore, actions can be performed on patients only aims to reduce and prevent infections by improving and maintaining oral health of patients, such as education and plaque control instructions and prophylactic antibiotics. Whereas in leukemic patients with good hematologic status can take periodontal treatment such as scaling and root planing.